Edit file File name : ExpenseCategory.php Content :<?php namespace App; use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model; use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\SoftDeletes; class ExpenseCategory extends Model { use SoftDeletes; /** * The attributes that should be mutated to dates. * * @var array */ /** * The attributes that aren't mass assignable. * * @var array */ protected $guarded = ['id']; public function sub_categories() { return $this->hasMany(\App\ExpenseCategory::class, 'parent_id'); } /** * Scope a query to only include main categories. * * @param \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder $query * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder */ public function scopeOnlyParent($query) { return $query->whereNull('parent_id'); } } Save